GLP-1 Receptor Agonists and Anesthesia: Study Reveals Increased Aspiration Risk

GLP-1 Receptor Agonists and Anesthesia: Study Reveals Increased Aspiration Risk

Safety Concerns Uncovered

A recent study from UTHealth Houston sheds light on safety concerns for patients using GLP-1 receptor agonists (GLP-1 RAs) during anesthesia.

Research Findings

Study Design and Participants

Led by Dr. Sudipta Sen and Dr. Omonele Nwokolo, the study examined over 120 patients scheduled for elective procedures between June and July 2023.

Surprising Results

More than half of patients on GLP-1 RAs displayed significant gastric contents on gastric ultrasound before elective procedures, despite adhering to preoperative fasting guidelines.

Implications for Aspiration Risk

Link Between GLP-1 RAs and Aspiration

GLP-1 RAs, approved for diabetes and weight management, show a strong association with potential aspiration risk under anesthesia.

Gastric Ultrasound Findings

Patients on GLP-1 RAs exhibited a 56% incidence of increased residual gastric content, compared to 19% for those not using the medication.

Reevaluating Protocols

Impact on Preoperative Protocols

With the increasing use of GLP-1 RAs, the study suggests a potential need to reevaluate conventional fasting times for this patient subset.

Guidance from American Society of Anesthesiologists

In response to the findings, the American Society of Anesthesiologists released new guidance recommending the screening of GLP-1 RA use before surgery and informing patients of associated risks.

Patient Communication and Disclosure

Crucial Information for Anesthesiologists

Dr. Sen emphasizes the importance of patients disclosing their use of GLP-1 RAs to their surgeons and anesthesiologists.

Informed Decision-Making

Transparent communication ensures appropriate recommendations, such as adjusting drug administration, recommending extended fasting, or rescheduling elective procedures if necessary.

Filling Gaps in Understanding

Significance of the Study

Dr. Nwokolo highlights the study’s significance in filling a gap in the understanding and management of patients on GLP-1 RAs undergoing surgery.

Path Forward

The study’s outcomes pave the way for informed guidelines and further research to mitigate anesthesia-related risks in this patient population.

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