Recent advancements in root canal treatment have focused on improving the efficiency, effectiveness, and patient outcomes of endodontic procedures. These innovations span various aspects of the treatment process, including imaging, instrumentation, disinfection, and irrigation.

In this Article

Imaging and Diagnostic Tools

Cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) and optical coherence tomography are new imaging technologies that enhance the diagnosis of pulpal diseases, providing detailed views of the root canal system (Mortman, 2011).

Instrumentation and Techniques

The development of nickel-titanium (NiTi) files and smart technologies has improved procedural precision and reduced patient discomfort. These tools allow for more efficient root canal preparation with less structural damage to the tooth (Peters et al., 2017; Hegde & SembagaLakshmi, 2021; Srivastava, 2024).
Self-adjusting files and the Apexum device are used for effective instrumentation and debridement of apical lesions (Mortman, 2011).

Disinfection and Irrigation

Photon-induced photoacoustic streaming (PIPS), using lasers, has been shown to be more effective and time-efficient compared to traditional irrigation techniques. This method is bloodless and enhances the cleaning of the root canal system (Behera et al., 2022).
Newer irrigants such as tetraclean, MTAD, electronically activated solutions, ozonated water, and herbal-induced irrigants are being explored as adjuncts to traditional irrigants like NaOCl and chlorhexidine, aiming to prevent reinfection and improve healing (Pradeep et al., 2020).

Regenerative and Surgical Techniques

Mineral trioxide aggregate cement is used in regenerative endodontic procedures, showing promise in enhancing the healing and regeneration of dental tissues (Mortman, 2011).
Computed tomography-guided surgery is making endodontic surgery more precise and less invasive (Mortman, 2011).

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Technological Innovations

Multisonic technology offers a conservative and thorough approach to root canal therapy, reducing clinical fatigue and patient discomfort while achieving better cleaning and shaping of the root canal system (McClammy & DiVito, 2018).

Conclusion

Recent advancements in root canal treatment focus on enhancing diagnostic accuracy, improving instrumentation precision, and optimizing disinfection and irrigation techniques. These innovations aim to improve clinical outcomes, reduce patient discomfort, and address the complex anatomy of the root canal system. Continued research and development are essential to further refine these techniques and ensure they remain patient-centered and accessible.

References

Peters, O., De Azevedo Bahia, M., & Pereira, É. (2017). Contemporary Root Canal Preparation: Innovations in Biomechanics.. Dental clinics of North America, 61 1, 37-58. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cden.2016.08.002

Mortman, R. (2011). Technologic advances in endodontics.. Dental clinics of North America, 55 3, 461-80, vii-viii. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cden.2011.02.006

Hegde, M., & SembagaLakshmi, T (2021). Recent Advances in Endodontics – A Perspective Review. Journal of Clinical & Biomedical Research. https://doi.org/10.47363/jcbr/2021(3)129

Behera, K., , R., & Dhamodhar, D. (2022). EFFECT OF PHOTON-INDUCED PHOTOACOUSTIC STREAMING IN ROOT CANAL TREATMENT –A SYSTEMATIC REVIEW. **.

Srivastava, S. (2024). Root Canal Instrumentation: Current Trends and Future Perspectives. Cureus, 16. https://doi.org/10.7759/cureus.58045

Pradeep, R., Anjaneyalu, K, & , M. (2020). Advancements in Root Canal Irrigants-A Review. **, 11, 26-35. https://doi.org/10.5455/jcmr.2020.11.04.04

McClammy, T., & DiVito, E. (2018). Advancements in Root Canal Therapy : New Technology to Improve Patient Outcomes. **.