Avoiding adverse drug reactions in dentistry

An adverse drug reaction (ADR) is an unwanted or harmful reaction following the administration of a drug or combination of drugs under normal conditions of use. An ADR is unpredictable and varies in severity, from minor side effects to severe complications such as organ damage, hospitalization, or even death. These unfortunate events are a significant concern in health care and lead to substantial increases in morbidity, mortality, and increased health-care costs. ADRs in dentistry are underreported and often overlooked, leading to a lack of awareness among dental professionals. In dentistry, ADRs can occur due to local anesthetics, antibiotics, antifungals, analgesics (opioid and nonopioid), anxiolytics, and muscle relaxants, all commonly used in the practice of dentistry. This course reviews some of the most prescribed medications in dentistry and their potential for ADRs. Further, it will underscore the need for improved pharmacovigilance in dental practice, including better reporting systems and education about ADRs for dental professionals. Finally, it emphasizes the importance of a thorough patient history, including medication history, to identify patients at risk of ADRs.

Educational objectives

At the conclusion of this course, the oral health-care provider will be able to:

• Identify the most commonly prescribed drugs in dentistry and their potential adverse reactions with a patient’s existing drug regimen